Browsing by Author "Kelleci, Kubra"

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Applications of Exosome Vesicles in Different Cancer Types as Biomarkers
(Bentham Science Publishing Ltd, 2024) Ihlamur, Murat; Kelleci, Kubra; Zengin, Yagmur; Allahverdiyev, M. Adil; Abamor, Emrah Sefik
One of the biggest challenges in the fight against cancer is early detection. Early diagnosis is vital, but there are some barriers such as economic, cultural, and personal factors. Considering the disadvantages of radiological imaging techniques or serological analysis methods used in cancer diagnosis, such as being expensive, requiring expertise, and being time-consuming, there is a need to develop faster, more reliable, and cost-effective diagnostic methods for use in cancer diagnosis.Exosomes, which are responsible for intercellular communication with sizes ranging from 30-120 nm, are naturally produced biological nanoparticles. Thanks to the cargo contents they carry, they are a potential biomarker to be used in the diagnosis of cancer. Exosomes, defined as extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, are effective in cancer growth, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance, and changes in microenvironmental conditions during tumor development change exosome secretion. Due to their high cellular activity, tumor cells produce much higher exosomes than healthy cells. Therefore, it is known that the number of exosomes in body fluids is significantly rich compared to other cells and can act as a stand-alone diagnostic biomarker. Cancer-derived exosomes have received great attention in recent years for the early detection of cancer and the evaluation of therapeutic response.In this article, the content, properties, and differences of exosomes detected in common types of cancer (lung, liver, pancreas, ovaries, breast, colorectal), which are the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, are reviewed. We also discuss the potential utility of exosome contents as a biomarker for early detection, which is known to be important in targeted cancer therapy.
Design and Simulation of the Microcantilever Biosensor for MITF Antigen and D5 Monoclonal Antibody Interaction Finite Element Analysis, and Experimental
(Bentham Science Publishing Ltd, 2024) Akcali, Pelin; Kelleci, Kubra; Ozer, Sevil
Background Biosensors and MEMS have witnessed rapid development and enormous interest over the past decades. Constant advancement in diagnostic, medical, and chemical applications has been demonstrated in several platforms and tools. In this study, the analytical and FEA of the microcantilever used in biomolecular analyses were compared with the experimental analysis results.Methods In this study, MITF antigen, which is a melanoma biomarker, and anti-MITF antibody (D5) were selected as biomolecules. A MEMS-type microcantilever biosensor was designed by functionalizing the AFM cantilever by utilizing the specific interaction dynamics and intermolecular binding ability between both molecules. Surface functionalization of cantilever micro biosensors was performed by using FEA. The stress that will occur as a result of the interactions between the MITF-D5 has been determined from the deviation in the resonant frequency of the cantilever.Results It has been found that the simulation results are supported by analytical calculations and experimental results.Conclusion The fact that the results of the simulation study overlap with the experimental and mathematical results allows us to get much cheaper and faster answers compared to expensive and time-consuming experimental approaches.
In Vitro Determination of Antileshmanial Activities of Benzimidazolium Derivatives on L. Major Promastigotes and Amastigotes
(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2023) Kelleci, Kubra; Golebatmaz, Eda
Purpose Leishmaniasis is a serious public health problem infecting millions of people worldwide. An effective and reliable treatment method to be used in the treatment of the disease has not been developed yet. Methods In this article, the anti-leishmanial activities of two benzimidazolium derivatives (B.A and B.B) against Leishmania major promastigotes and amastigotes, which are known to cause cutaneous leishmaniasis, were investigated for the first time. The immunostimulatory activity of the developed formulations was determined using the J774 murine macrophage cell line. Results B.A and B.B compounds were found to have a much higher cytotoxic effect than Amphotericin B (IC50 value 0.75 mu M +/- 0.03), which is used as the reference drug. The IC50 value was determined as 2.02 mu M +/- 0.52 for B.A and 1.83 mu M +/- 0.71 for B.B in Leishmania promastigotes. In addition, IC50 values of B. A and B.B Leishmania amastigotes were found to be 1.01 mu M and 0.67 mu M, respectively. It was found that B.B was 81.12 times more selective than Amphotericin B and showed the highest selectivity against L. major promastigotes (359.09) and amastigotes (980.80). Considering the selectivity indices (SI) of B.A and B.B, both compounds tested are more promising than Amphotericin B. Conclusion The results showed that benzimidazolium derivatives have anti-leishmanial potential against L. major, which is the causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Thus, we can say that the obtained results will help the development of effective and safe antileishmanial drug formulations against cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Lumbar Spine Implant Design with Finite Element Method and Determination of Biomechanical Effects
(Gazi Univ, Fac Engineering Architecture, 2023) Taherzadeh, Paniz; Kelleci, Kubra; Ozer, Sevil
Graphical/Tabular The restoration percentages of two different implants designed and simulated in six different directions are given in Figure A. Figure A. Restoration percentages of theimplant 1 and implant 2 devices in six different directionsPurpose: In this study, it was aimed to design a new pedicle-screw based posterior dynamic stabilization implant that can help stabilize the spine normally. In the study, two different implants were designed using the finite element method (FEM) and their biomechanical effects were compared.Theory and Methods: Stable and treated models of the lumbar spine with two different implants were simulated under physiological loading conditions according to Computed tomography data. Implant and device components were created with the SOLIDWORKS program. All designed devices were used together with ABAQUS CAD simulation program and MATLAB program to calculate range of motion, adjacent level effect and restoration percentages in six different directions (right-left axial rotation, right-left lateral bending and flexion-extension). In the study, 70% restoration percentage, which is an acceptable value in the movement of the spine with the implant, was tried to be achieved in all directions.Results: With the second device, which obtained optimum data and was found to be more flexible, a higher percentage of restoration was obtained in the Z and Y axes. Restoration values are 33% for extension, 53% for flexion, and 68% and 55% for lateral bending and axial rotations, respectively.Conclusion: It can be said that pedicle-screw implants designed with this simulation study will be applicable after experimental validation and clinical trials
The mTOR Signaling Pathway and mTOR Inhibitors in Cancer: Next-Generation Inhibitors and Approaches
(Bentham Science Publishing Ltd, 2024) Ihlamur, Murat; Akgul, Busra; Zengin, Yagmur; Korkut, Senay Vural; Kelleci, Kubra; Abamor, Emrah Sefik
mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that plays various roles in cell growth, proliferation, and metabolism. mTOR signaling in cancer becomes irregular. Therefore, drugs targeting mTOR have been developed. Although mTOR inhibitors rapamycin and rapamycin rapalogs (everolimus, rapamycin, temsirolimus, deforolimus, etc.) and new generation mTOR inhibitors (Rapalink, Dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, etc.) are used in cancer treatments, mTOR resistance mechanisms may inhibit the efficacy of these drugs. Therefore, new inhibition approaches are developed. Although these new inhibition approaches have not been widely investigated in cancer treatment, the use of nanoparticles has been evaluated as a new treatment option in a few types of cancer.This review outlines the functions of mTOR in the cancer process, its resistance mechanisms, and the efficiency of mTOR inhibitors in cancer treatment. Furthermore, it discusses the next-generation mTOR inhibitors and inhibition strategies created using nanoparticles.Since mTOR resistance mechanisms prevent the effects of mTOR inhibitors used in cancer treatments, new inhibition strategies should be developed. Inhibition approaches are created using nanoparticles, and one of them offers a promising treatment option with evidence supporting its effectiveness.
Particulate and Non-Particle Adjuvants in Leishmaniasis Vaccine Designs: A Review
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Kelleci, Kubra; Allahverdiyev, Adil; Bagirova, Melahat; Ihlamur, Murat; Abamor, Emrah S.
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease with different clinical forms caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania and transmitted by the bite of an infected female sandfly. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is the second most common parasitic disease after malaria and it is known that approximately 350 million people are at risk. The disease manifests itself in different clinical forms. In addition to asymptomatic cases, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), which creates large lesions on the skin, and visceral leishmaniasis (VL), which causes death if not treated, especially affecting the abdominal organs, are two important clinical forms. When the studies were examined, it was seen that a clinically used vaccine against any form of human leishmaniasis has not been developed yet. In some studies, it was stated that the lack of appropriate adjuvant was responsible for the failure to develop an effective Leishmania vaccine. We can say that strong adjuvants are needed to achieve successful vaccines. In this article, adjuvants and adjuvant candidates used in vaccine studies against leishmaniasis are discussed