Kırsal Yerleşmelerde Konut Eklentilerinin Bilecik Tongurlar Köyü Üzerinden İrdelenmesi
Kırsal Yerleşmelerde Konut Eklentilerinin Bilecik Tongurlar Köyü Üzerinden İrdelenmesi
Abstract
Kırsal yerleşmeler, tarım ve hayvancılık faaliyetlerinin yapıldığı ya da ön plana çıktığı, yerleşim karakterinin insan-çevre-kültür ilişkilerinin ışığında açıklanabileceği, nispeten düşük nüfus yoğunluklu yerleşmelerdir. Kırsal yerleşmelerin karakteristik dokusunu kırsal konutlar ve eklentileri meydana getirir. Kırsal konutlar, sadece içerisinde, barınılan bir kabuk değil, aynı zamanda, konut sahibinin ekonomik faaliyetine ve bölge gereksinimlerine göre depolama ve üretim hacimleri olan eklentileri de içeren mekânlar olarak tanımlanabilir. Kırsal yerleşimlerde yaşamın sürdürülebilmesi için konutlar, merkezi yerleşimlerde yer alan konutlardan farklı olarak, bölge yaşamının gereksinimlerine cevap verir nitelikte, birçok eklentiyi de bünyesinde barındırır. Kırsalda yaşamın devamlılığının sağlanabilmesi için, gerekli olan hayvancılık ve tarım gibi ekonomik faaliyetler için gerekli olan depolama alanlarının yanı sıra, farklı ihtiyaçlara yönelik olarak yarı açık veya tamamen kapalı hacimlerin gereksinimi de yine kırsal konut eklentileri üzerinde belirleyici olmaktadır. Bahçe içerisinde yer alan kümesler ve fırınlar veya Anadolu’da kırsal konutlarda ısınma gereksinimi çoğunlukla soba ile karşılandığından, yakacak depolama alanlarının önemi daha iyi anlaşılmaktadır. Kırsal konutlar ve bu konutların meydana getirdiği kırsal yerleşmelere ilişkin analiz çalışmaları yapılırken, kırsal yaşam özellikleri sebebiyle, kırsal konutları sadece gece uyuma ve barınma gibi faaliyetlerin karşılandığı kapalı alanlar üzerinden değil, eklentilerin bulunduğu açık alanlar ile birlikte değerlendirmek, belirli bir bölgeye ait konut özelliklerinin ve yaşam koşullarının belirlenebilmesi ve söz konusu bölgeler için yeni önerilecek projelerin bu kapsamda değerlendirilmesi açısından da önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, “Kırsal Konutlar ve Eklentileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Tongurlar Köyü Örneği” isimli yüksek lisans tez çalışması kapsamında Tongurlar Köyü’nde bulunan konutlara ait eklenti türleri ve yapı malzemelerine ilişkin analiz çalışmaları yapılarak, bölgenin yerleşim karakteristiği ve eklenti gereksinimi düşünülmeden, inşa edilen konutların geçirdikleri değişimlerle kırsal yaşamın gereksinimlerine uygun olarak konut morfolojisini belirleyen eklenti tipleri ele alınmıştır.
Rural settlements are places where agricultural and livestock farming activities are carried out, have a relatively low population density, industrial and commercial activities do not develop and directly take form by human, environmental, and cultural interaction. Rural dwellings and add-ons constitute the characteristic texture of rural settlements. Rural dwellings can be defined as not only housing places, but also places where many activities are carried out and include add-ons with storage and production volumes based on the economic activity of the owner of the dwelling and the requirements of the region. These add-ons form the plan design of the residences (as closed, semi-open, and open spaces) depending on the living conditions of the region and the needs of the users. With these qualities, rural dwellings are sustainable structures that reflect the natural and human characteristics of the environment. However, in line with the economic and sociocultural developments experienced today, the influence of user behaviors and life habits is gradually decreasing in space design, and the uniform formation attracts attention. Although this situation does not pose much of a problem in terms of living dynamics in urban settlements, especially actions affecting the organization of space and not taking into account living habits cause different problems and pose a risk to the sustainability of dwellings in rural settlements. In order for the structures not to become unidentified and lose their characteristics of belonging to the place, it is necessary to pay attention to the climate, topography, and use of local materials in the new buildings, as well as to analyze all add-ons related to the actions performed by the users in the housing, especially in rural dwellings. If this factor affecting the formation is ignored, the dwelling will be 1 insufficient to respond to the needs of the user due to the living dynamics of the region where it is built, and this condition will negatively affect both spatial and sociocultural continuity. For this reason, in this study, the add-ons belonging to rural dwellings determined by inventory studies carried out within the scope of the master’s thesis study titled “A Research on Rural Dwellings and Their Add-ons: The Case of Tongurlar Village” were analyzed in terms of function, plan characteristics, construction system, and material, and the types of add-ons affecting the dwelling organization were examined. The fact that the buildings that approach the dwelling with today’s spatial perception only to meet the need for housing The fact that the buildings that approach the dwelling with today’s spatial perception only to meet the need for housing alone cannot respond to the living dynamics of the settlement and do acquire add-ons over time was explained through the new dwellings located in Tongurlar Village. Moreover it has been revealed that the type projects prepared by authorized institutions for those who want to build their own housing in the rural, although it is mentioned that they are compatible with the vernacular architecture and living conditions, are produced without considering the add-ons, and it is stated that this may cause sustainability problems. In the conclusion part, solution suggestions for the problem are presented.
Rural settlements are places where agricultural and livestock farming activities are carried out, have a relatively low population density, industrial and commercial activities do not develop and directly take form by human, environmental, and cultural interaction. Rural dwellings and add-ons constitute the characteristic texture of rural settlements. Rural dwellings can be defined as not only housing places, but also places where many activities are carried out and include add-ons with storage and production volumes based on the economic activity of the owner of the dwelling and the requirements of the region. These add-ons form the plan design of the residences (as closed, semi-open, and open spaces) depending on the living conditions of the region and the needs of the users. With these qualities, rural dwellings are sustainable structures that reflect the natural and human characteristics of the environment. However, in line with the economic and sociocultural developments experienced today, the influence of user behaviors and life habits is gradually decreasing in space design, and the uniform formation attracts attention. Although this situation does not pose much of a problem in terms of living dynamics in urban settlements, especially actions affecting the organization of space and not taking into account living habits cause different problems and pose a risk to the sustainability of dwellings in rural settlements. In order for the structures not to become unidentified and lose their characteristics of belonging to the place, it is necessary to pay attention to the climate, topography, and use of local materials in the new buildings, as well as to analyze all add-ons related to the actions performed by the users in the housing, especially in rural dwellings. If this factor affecting the formation is ignored, the dwelling will be 1 insufficient to respond to the needs of the user due to the living dynamics of the region where it is built, and this condition will negatively affect both spatial and sociocultural continuity. For this reason, in this study, the add-ons belonging to rural dwellings determined by inventory studies carried out within the scope of the master’s thesis study titled “A Research on Rural Dwellings and Their Add-ons: The Case of Tongurlar Village” were analyzed in terms of function, plan characteristics, construction system, and material, and the types of add-ons affecting the dwelling organization were examined. The fact that the buildings that approach the dwelling with today’s spatial perception only to meet the need for housing The fact that the buildings that approach the dwelling with today’s spatial perception only to meet the need for housing alone cannot respond to the living dynamics of the settlement and do acquire add-ons over time was explained through the new dwellings located in Tongurlar Village. Moreover it has been revealed that the type projects prepared by authorized institutions for those who want to build their own housing in the rural, although it is mentioned that they are compatible with the vernacular architecture and living conditions, are produced without considering the add-ons, and it is stated that this may cause sustainability problems. In the conclusion part, solution suggestions for the problem are presented.
Description
Keywords
Konut Eklentileri, Kırsal Mimari, Kırsal Konutlar, Sürdürülebilirlik, Dwelling Add-ons, Rural Architecture, Rural Dwellings, Sustainability
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
16
Issue
1
Start Page
389
End Page
407
