The Effect of Supply Chain Agility and Supply Chain Resilience on Firm Performance: A Study of the Marmara Organized Industrial Zones

Abstract

Purpose—The study aims to investigate the effects of supply chain agility, supply chain resilience, and perceived customer satisfaction on firm performance. Additionally, it seeks to explain the moderating effect of digital transformation between supply chain agility and perceived customer satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach—The study utilized a survey to collect data from 228 manufacturing companies in the Marmara Organized Industrial Zones, Turkiye. The data were analyzed using the SmartPLS4 software program for structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings—The findings revealed that both customer satisfaction and supply chain resilience influence firm performance. The impact of supply chain agility on firm performance is mediated by supply chain resilience. Digital transformation does not play a significant moderating effect in the relationship between supply chain agility and perceived customer satisfaction as expected. Originality/value—Study’s findings seek to illuminate the critical contribution of supply chain agility and resilience to enhancing firm performance, underscoring the significant intermediary role played by customer satisfaction. It highlights the critical need for forthcoming research to expand its investigative reach, integrate a broader array of data sources, and delve into the complex effects of digital transformation on supply chain management and illuminates all these relationships and offers valuable theoretical and practical insights by testing the new model. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.