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Wavelet Analyses of Oil Prices, USD Variations and Impact on Logistics
(American Institute of Physics, 2009) Melek, M.; Tokgozlu, A.; Asian, Z.
This paper is related with temporal variations of historical oil prices and Dollar and Euro in Turkey. Daily data based on OECD and Central Bank of Turkey records beginning from 1946 has been considered. IDcontinuous wavelets and wavelet packets analysis techniques have been applied on data. Wavelet techniques help to detect abrupt changing's, increasing and decreasing trends of data. Estimation of variables has been presented by using linear regression estimation techniques. The results of this study have been compared with the small and large scale effects. Transportation costs of track show a similar variation with fuel prices. The second part of the paper is related with estimation of imports, exports, costs, total number of vehicles and annual variations by considering temporal variation of oil prices and Dollar currency in Turkey. Wavelet techniques offer a user friendly methodology to interpret some local effects on increasing trend of imports and exports data. © 2009 American Institute of Pliysics.
Criticality Investigations for the Fixed Bed Nuclear Reactor Using Thorium Fuel Mixed with Plutonium or Minor Actinides
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2009) Sahin, Suemer; Sahin, Haci Mehmet; Acir, Adem; Al-Kusayer, Tawfik Ahmed
Prospective fuels for a new reactor type, the so called fixed bed nuclear reactor (FBNR) are investigated with respect to reactor criticality. These are (1) low enriched uranium (LEU); (2) weapon grade plutonium + ThO2; (3) reactor grade plutonium + ThO2; and (4) minor actinides in the spent fuel of light water reactors (LWRs) + ThO2. Reactor grade plutonium and minor actinides are considered as highly radioactive and radio-toxic nuclear waste products so that one can expect that they will have negative fuel costs. The criticality calculations are conducted with SCALE5.1 using S-8-P-3 approximation in 238 neutron energy groups with 90 groups in thermal energy region. The study has shown that the reactor criticality has lower values with uranium fuel and increases passing to minor actinides, reactor grade plutonium and weapon grade plutonium. Using LEU, an enrichment grade of 9% has resulted with k(eff) = 1.2744. Mixed fuel with weapon grade plutonium made of 20% PuO2 + 80% ThO2 yields k(eff) = 1.2864. Whereas a mixed fuel with reactor grade plutonium made of 35% PuO2 + 65% ThO2 brings it to k(eff) = 1.267. Even the very hazardous nuclear waste of LWRs, namely minor actinides turn out to be high quality nuclear fuel due to the excellent neutron economy of FBNR. A relatively high reactor criticality of k(eff) = 1.2673 is achieved by 50% MAO(2) + 50% ThO2. The hazardous actinide nuclear waste products can be transmuted and utilized as fuel in situ. A further output of the study is the possibility of using thorium as breeding material in combination with these new alternative fuels. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Identifying Effective Variables Using Mutual Information and Building Predictive Models of Sulfur Dioxide Concentration with Support Vector Machines
(Foundation Environmental Protection & Research-FEPR, 2010) Sakar, C. Okan; Kursun, Olcay; Ozdemir, Huseyin; Demir, Goksel; Yalcin, Senay
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is an issue of increasing public concern due to its recognized adverse effects on human health. Therefore, accurate SO2 prediction models are very important tools in developing public warning strategies. The goal of this study is to identify the relevance of meteorological and air pollutant variables using a classical and widely used measure of dependence, Shannon's Mutual Information (MI), and to build an accurate SO, prediction model using the relevant variables as inputs. Specifically, features ranked by MI measure are tested on how much joint predictive power they have of the target using a popular machine learning tool, support vector machines (SVM), and in comparison to multilayer perceptron (MLP), which is the most commonly used machine learning tool in previous studies for the prediction and analysis of air pollutants. It was found that the SVM model gave a higher correlation coefficient (r) and less root mean squared error (RMSE) than MLP for both test and validation sets. The predictive model used 6 input variables for both data sets as the relevant features for maximum SO, concentration prediction at time t+1, which are the average SO,, maximum SO2, outdoor temperature (OT), average nitrogen dioxide (NO2), average ozone (O-3), and average wind speed at time t. The results of this study indicate that MI can be used efficiently in determining the importance of input variables in the prediction of SO2 concentration and SVM is a popular machine learning tool well suited for use in air pollution modeling.
Using TOPSIS Method with Laplace Criterion to Select Optimum Airline
(Iura Edition Spol Sro, 2010) Eker, Ipek; Turan, Gokhan; Ergin, Ayfer; Alkan, Guler
In this study, for evaluating subjective features that provides preference of airline companies to others the method TOPSIS has been used. Whilst calculating the weights of the criteria Laplace Criterion had been used. The importance of the study is that this is a unique application in air cargo industry.
The Forest Products Industry in Turkey
(Academic Journals, 2011) Aksu, Baki; Koc, K. Huseyin; Kurtoglu, Ahmet
This study was conducted to analyze the structure of Turkey's wood products industry and to suggest ways to improve the country's competitive position in global markets. The 415 largest solid wood manufacturers were surveyed using questionnaires administered in personal interviews and by mail. Results reveal that forest product enterprises are geographically clustered in a few provinces. Thirteen percent of respondents are using outdated technology while 63% are using relatively new technology and 24% are using advanced technology. The 2001 economic crisis seriously affected the wood products industry with a 38% decrease in the number of employees and a number of shuttered facilities. Overall, the research indicates that the Turkish forest products industry is fragmented and is experiencing a number of obstacles to further development. Turkey has an established but generally inefficient forest products industry. This article gives an overview of the sector and offers recommendations for improvement. Results from this study can be useful to manufacturers and policy makers in Turkey and other countries with similar industry structures in short and long-term sectoral planning and development.
An Evaluation on Growth Potential of the Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME) in Turkish Furniture Industry
(Academic Journals, 2011) Aksu, Baki; Koc, K. Huseyin; Karademir, Devrim
With its increasingly expanding uses, the furniture industry has become a basic industrial sector in the world, especially in the developed countries, and it represents 2% of the total labour and 2% to 4% of the total production. The global foreign trade of furniture was around $174 billion in 2008. Though it has been growing fast, the furniture industry in Turkey is far from the level in the developed countries. In regard to the Turkish furniture industry, 99% of which consists of small and medium scale enterprises, just like all the other industries, few data are needed to be able to make accurate evaluations. The current conditions in the small and medium scale enterprises have been neatly described in this study. It tries to offer solutions to the problems, analyze the competition opportunities and shed light for future studies by eliminating inadequate data. It is the first study in the field since there has not been such research which covers the whole country except for the regional ones. Also, this project is supplementary to the studies carried out by the researchers on the large-scale enterprises, the whole industry is analyzed.
Feature Selection for the Prediction of Tropospheric Ozone Concentration Using a Wrapper Method
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2011) Sakar, C. Okan; Demir, Goksel; Kursun, Olcay; Ozdemir, Huseyin; Altay, Gokmen; Yalcin, Senay
High concentrations of ozone (O-3) in the lower troposphere increase global warming, and thus affect climatic conditions and human health. Especially in metropolitan cities like Istanbul, ozone level approximates to security levels that may threaten human health. Therefore, there are many research efforts on building accurate ozone prediction models to develop public warning strategies. The goal of this study is to construct a tropospheric (ground) ozone prediction model and analyze the effectiveness of air pollutant and meteorological variables in ozone prediction using artificial neural networks (ANNs). The air pollutant and meteorological variables used in ANN modeling are taken from monitoring stations located in Istanbul. The effectiveness of each input feature is determined by using backward elimination method which utilizes the constructed ANN model as an evaluation function. The obtained results point out that outdoor temperature (OT) and solar irradiation (Si) are the most important input features of meteorological variables, and total hydrocarbons (THC), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitric oxide (NO) are those of air pollutant variables. The subset of parameters found by backward elimination feature selection method that provides the maximum prediction accuracy is obtained with six input features which are OT, SI, NO2, THC, NO, and sulfur dioxide (SO2) for both validation and test sets.
Production and Marketing Structure of Large Scale Forestry Products Industry Enterprises in Turkey
(2011) Aksu, B.; Hüseyin Koç, K.; Kurtoǧlu, A.
In Turkey, a country with 21.2 million ha of forest land, it is evident that the processed forest products have not been able to be developed to realize their potential with regards to the exports possibilities. It is obvious that the situation is to the disadvantage of Turkey in terms of the trading equilibrium when the exports and imports figures are examined. According to the results of the research carried out locally with respect to the Turkish Forest Products Industry, the emphasized problems emerge as the misapplication of incentives, the disability to catch up with the technological innovations, problems regarding raw material quality, undercapitalization, lack of qualified personnel, etc. By the help of this study which had been planned to cover the whole Turkish Forest Products Industry; the target is to reveal the structural situations of the large scale businesses in Turkey in the first few years of the 20th century, where modern management principles are assumed to be applied. The research had been finalized with the comments made upon the results of the questionnaires gathered through mostly faceto-face interviews with 415 large scale forest product firms where it was assumed that contemporary management principles and technological developments were applied relatively easier. As the questionnaire study was applied by the researchers themselves directly, it was also supported through observations. © 2011 Academic Journals.
The Marketization of Higher Education in Turkey (2002-2011)
(Palgrave, 2012) Onal, Nevzat Evrim
Current State and Future of Shipping and Logistics
(Elsevier Science Bv, 2013) Tuna, Okan; Duru, Okan
A New Simulation Modelling Approach to Continuous Berth Allocation
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Esmer, Soner; Yildiz, Gokalp; Tuna, Okan
Within the international supply chain and logistics system, ports are an important ring of the basic transport activities. Thus, any shortage in or lack of well-planned orders encountered in the port operation processes is most likely to affect the whole logistic system, which eventually will cause undesirable delays in deliveries. This study aims at developing a simulation modelling approach to continuous berth allocation in Port of Izmir Alsancak, which has continuous quayside with two main wharfs perpendicular to each other. The simulation models which serve to evaluate the proposed modelling approach have been developed in ARENA 10.0 Simulation Software. The results of the conducted computational experiments showed that the proposed modelling approach provides more accurate and realistic estimates of performance measures, such as average berth utilisation, average ship waiting time in a queue, and the average number of ships in queuing up to get container terminals.
Greening Logistics Centers: The Evolution of Industrial Buying Criteria Towards Green
(Elsevier Science Bv, 2013) Altuntas, Ceren; Tuna, Okan
The rapidly globalizing world trade requires longer supply chains with higher attention on the environmental effects of logistics activities. Latest international conventions related with environmental regulations reinforce governments and corporations to adhere to environmental protection precautions. An effort to decrease the negative environmental effects of logistics activity is the geographical concentration of logistics companies which are called logistics centers. This study aims to provide a green industrial service buying approach for the industrial customers of logistics centers. The study combines green purchasing literature with previousely developed environmental performance indicators (EPIs) and develops a green industrial buying model for logistics centers. The model provides a framework for potential residents of a logistics center and supports their industrial buying processes. The model also serves as an input for green industrial service design in a logistics center.
Consumer Boycotts as a Consequence of Consumerism
(IGI Global, 2014) Yener, D.
Consumerism is not a new concept for marketing, but it has grown in importance in the recent years. Researchers have studied consumerism from within different dimensions. However, its relationship with consumer boycotts has not been dealt with accurately. A consumer boycott is a type of consumer behaviour in which consumers collectively prefer not to use their purchasing power towards a product, brand, or all products of a country. Motivations for participating in boycotts differ in accordance with various factors such as consumers' beliefs, needs, or attitudes. Being boycotted by consumers may cause economic damage and decreased amount of reputation incurred in return. Organizing a boycott and calling for people's participation is much easier today than it used to be in the past. The Internet, especially social media, is an effective tool to inform people about boycotts and free of charge. However, that does not mean all the information circulating in the Internet is always of a reliable nature. In this chapter, the case of Danone in Turkey is thoroughly analyzed. Danone has been the target of Turkey's biggest Internet smear campaign which resulted in 26% shrinkage in its whole category sales. The aim of this chapter is to examine the case of Danone in Turkey as an example of the relationship between consumerism and consumer boycotts. The research for the case of Danone, which has a special importance in Turkey, uses secondary sources such as the daily newspapers, news pages in Internet, and Danone's web page. © 2014, IGI Global. All rights reserved.
Changing Masculinities and Femininities: A Comparative Analysis of Bridget Jones's Diary and Pride and Prejudice
(Peter Lang AG, 2015) Irmak, B.
Okul Öncesi Dönemde Sanat Eğitiminin Farklı Teknikler Kullanılarak Öğretilmesi
(2016) Kelekçi, Merva Olgun; Kahraman, Mehmet Emin
Bu çalışmada okul öncesi dönemde teknolojiden yararlanarak, sanatı çocuklara sevdirmek ve sanatın zihinlerinde belli bir yer edinmesini sağlamak hedeflenmiştir. Çünkü çocuk, görsel uyaranlara karşı duyarlıdır. Sanat eğitimi hem akıl hem de duygu eksenlidir. Böylece öğrenme esnasında uyaranlar birden fazla duyu organını içeriyorsa, öğrenme daha etkili olmaktadır. Sanat eğitimi alan bireylerin yaşam biçimleri, hayata ve olaylara bakış açısı diğer bireylerden farklı olarak gelişim göstermektedir. Okul öncesi dönemdeki bireylerin, sanat eğitimi alarak öğrenme biçimleri, dış dünyada değişen ve gelişen teknolojiyle birlikte hem sanatsal hem de bilimsel olarak bireyin olumlu yönde gelişimini sağlar. Bu çalışma kapsamında, bireylere sanat eserlerini bir aplikasyon kullanarak oyun yolu ile öğretmek amaçlanmıştır. Böylece, önemli ressamların eserlerini öğrenmeleri sağlanmış olup, bu dönemde verilen sanat eğitiminin kazanımları incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; bireylerin farklı materyalleri kullanarak, dünyaya farklı bir bakış açısından görmelerini, algılamalarını ve yaratıcılıklarının ön plana çıkarılması açısından kendine güvenen bireyler olarak yetişmeleri sağlanacaktır. Böylece okul eğitimi ile ilk kez karşılaşan bireylerin, sanatçıların eserlerini severek onları tanıdığı bir ortam oluşturulmuş olacak ve bu eserleri bir oyun tekniği ile öğrenmeleri sağlanacaktır.
The Prioritisation of Service Dimensions in Logistics Centres: A Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment Methodology
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Vural, Ceren Altuntas; Tuna, Okan
This study takes a customer focus that prioritises the service-offering dimensions of logistics centres (LCs) by considering potential LC customer expectations. Applying a survey and a quality function deployment methodology to logistics service providers, the study explores, categorises and prioritises LC customer expectations and LC service characteristics. The results indicate that customer preferences mainly prioritise infrastructure, and warehouse and intermodal dimensions. However, when the cost dimension is included, higher utility values are delivered through soft service dimensions like value-added or standard services. LC investors or undertakers can use these results to guide their design of market offerings by using the same methodology to assess expectations in their target markets.
Özelleştirmenin Tarımsal Destekler Ve Küçük Ölçekli Çiftçilik Üzerine Etkileri: Türkiye Deneyimi (1998-2012)
(2016) Önal, Nevzat Evrim
Türkiye'nin tarım sektörü cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarından itibaren kapitalist ekonominin gelişme doğrultusuna uygun, evrimsel bir dönüşüm geçirmiş ve bu dönüşüm çerçevesinde büyük toprak sahipleri ile küçük üreticilerin bir arada var olduğu bir yapı ortaya çıkmıştır. 20. yüzyılın son yıllarına dek bu yapının, onu bir arada tutan en önemli unsuru, devletin tarım sektörüne verdiği sübvansiyonlardı. Bu sübvansiyonlar, küçük üreticiler üzerinde piyasanın olumsuz etkilerini ve öngörülemezliğini bir ölçüde azaltmakta ve üretimi teşvik eder nitelikteydi. Ne var ki, 1990'ların ortasından itibaren finansal açıdan önce istikrarsız, ardından da sürdürülemez hale gelen kamu kesimi ekonomisinde, tarımsal destekler ortadan kaldırılması gereken bir harcama kalemi olarak öne çıktı. 1999'da IMF danışmanlığında başlatılan yapısal uyum programı, 2001 krizinin ardından Güçlü Ekonomiye Geçiş Programı olarak sürdürüldü ve bu süreçte devletin tarımsal destek sistemi büyük ölçüde tasfiye edildi. Bu tasfiyede, tarımsal desteklerin sağlanmasında kullanılan kurumların özelleştirilmesi önemli bir yöntem olarak öne çıktı. Bu çalışma, yaşanan tasfiyenin tarım sektöründeki sonuçları ve tarımsal istihdama etkilerini incelemektedir.
Efficacy of Organizational Learning and Social Capital in Online Communities of Practice: Dualities and Intersections
(IGI Global, 2017) Gürsoy S.; Yücelen M.
This chapter deals with the evolution of communities of practice by considering two key components which facilitate knowledge sharing: Organizational Learning and Social Capital. Dualities and intersections between the building blocks of these two components are investigated by discussing organizational learning in its explorative and exploitative forms, while considering social capital in its bridging and bonding forms. As a critical contemporary step of evolution, information and communication technologies are also elaborated in order to examine the impact of constant and instant tools on these facilitators of knowledge sharing. The study aims to derive proxies among these components of organizational learning and social capital in order to design an integrated framework that reflects the nature of online communities of practice. © 2018, IGI Global. All rights reserved.
Küresel Doğan İşletmelerin Uluslararasılaşma Sürecine Etki Eden Girişimcilik Yönelimi Boyutları ve Girişimci Özellikleri
(2017) Beğendik, Behiye
Uluslararası ticaret ve uluslararası girişimciliğin ortak konusu olan küresel doğan işletmeler (KDİ), geleneksel uluslararasılaşma modellerinin aksine hızlı ve ivmeli uluslararasılaşmaktadır. Bu makalede, Türk KDİ'lerin uluslararasılaşma sürecine etki eden faktörler incelenmektedir. KDİ'ler ilgili araştırmalar; KDİ'lerin kuruluşuna endüstrinin, küreselleşmenin, şebekelerin ve girişimcinin etki ettiğini belirtmektedir. Karar verici ve uluslararasılaşmanın başlatıcı unsuru olması nedeniyle, girişimci uluslararasılaşma sürecine etki eden en önemli faktördür. Özellikle, KDİ'lerin girişimcilerinin sahip olduğu girişimcilik yönelimi (GY) sayesinde, KDİ'ler çok daha hızlı uluslararasılaşmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, KDİ girişimcisinin GY'nin üç unsurunu taşıması, bir diğer ifade ile risk alması, proaktif ve yenilikçi olması, KDİ'yi rekabette üst konuma taşımakta ve uluslararası arenada var olmasını sağlamaktadır. Bu nedenle, çalışmada KDİ'lerin uluslararasılaşmasına etki eden GY boyutları ve girişimci özellikleri araştırılmaktadır. 6 KDİ'de kalitatif araştırma yapılmıştır. Yüzyüze görüşmelerde katılımcılardan elde edilen veriler kodlanarak analiz edilmiş ve girişimcilerin sahip oldukları özelliklere ulaşılmıştır. Bu özellikler taksonomi ile ağaç diyagramına yerleştirilerek araştırma modeli oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma sonuçları, küresel doğan girişimcinin proaktiflik, risk alma ve yenilikçilik kavramlarından oluşan GY boyutları ile ilişkilendirilen ortak ve farklı özelliklerini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Girişimcinin genel özellikleri her bir GY boyutu altında iki grupta toplanmıştır. Birinci grup KDİ'lerin GY'ne pozitif etki etmektedir. İkinci grup, KDİ'lerin GY'ne negatif etki etmektedir.
Tarım ve Köylülük "Sorun"larına Dair Bir Tartışma Çerçevesi
(2017) Önal, Nevzat Evrim
Kapitalist üretim biçiminin ortaya çıkışından bu yana gelişiminin tüm aşamalarında, tarım ve köylülük farklı düşünce ekolleri tarafından kendi düşünsel pozisyonlarına göre sorunsallaştırılmış ve tartışılagelmiştir. Bu tartışmaların tamamı, tartışmayı yürüten ekollerin temsil ettiği sınıfsal çıkarların izlerini taşır. Öte yandan tarım ve köylülük "sorun"larının farklı coğrafyalarda sergilediği gelişme süreçleri arasındaki büyük nitel farklılıklar, her birini kendi içerisinden ele alarak ortak bir çerçeveye varmayı kuramsal olarak imkânsız kılmasa da, tarih dışı bir çabaya dönüştürmektedir. Ne var ki, bilhassa son yirmi yıl zarfında, gıda başlığının da eklenmesiyle beraber tartışma yeniden alevlenmiş ve daha da karmaşıklaşmıştır. Bu çalışmanın odağında, Türkiye'de de hararetle yürütülmekte olan bu tartışmanın, sadeleştirilmesi gereken kuramsal zemini bulunmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, tarihsel materyalist düşüncenin tarım ve köylülüğün sorunsallaştırılmasına yönelik yaklaşımı güncel bağlamda yeniden üretilecek ve bir tartışma çerçevesi sunulacaktır.

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